Macau Grand Prix
From WOI Encyclopedia Italia
The Macau Grand Prix is a motor-racing event held annually in November in the streets of Macau. It is known for being the only street circuit racing event in which both car and motorcycle races are held. Every year more than three hundred racing drivers and riders gather for the annual event.
One of the highlights of the race weekend is the Macau Formula 3 Grand Prix, which features many national Formula 3 champions and drivers around the world. Due to the challenging nature of the circuit, which consists of fast straights (a Formula 3 car can reach a top speed of 260mph at the end of this stretch), tight corners and uncompromising crash barriers, the Macau Grand Prix is famously known as one of the most demanding circuits in the world. Many current or former Formula One drivers have participated in the event early in their careers and some of them have won the prestigious prize. Famous winners include Ayrton Senna, Michael Schumacher, David Coulthard, Ralf Schumacher, Takuma Sato and Riccardo Patrese.
Since 2005, the double-header Guia Race, which traditionally features touring cars from world-renowned car manufacturers, has officially become the final two races of the FIA World Touring Car Championship (WTCC).
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History
The Macau Grand Prix was originally conceived in 1954 as a treasure hunt around the streets of the city, but shortly after it was suggested that the hunt's track could host an amateur racing event for local motor enthusiasts. The race continued as an amateur race until 1966, when Belgian driver Mauro Bianchi entered the race with a car by Renault Sport, mostly to promote Renault's image in Hong Kong. This led to more and more professional teams entering the Grand Prix.
The motorcycle race was introduced in 1967, and in that year the first fatal tragedy struck the race: double champion Dodjie Laurel was killed when he lost control of his car and crashed. This raised the alarm for more safety improvements for the race.
The first Guia race for touring cars was held in 1972. Macau's Guia Race for touring cars is a particular race for this category, as very few races with these cars are held on street circuits. Since 2005 the race has officially become the final two rounds of FIA World Touring Car Championship.
In 1983, it was decided by the organisers that since Formula Atlantic was becoming obsolete, the race would be held as a Formula 3 event. Initially, they wanted to run a F2 race, but as they were unwilling to make any large circuit modifications, which included cutting down trees, the organisers settled for F3. This turned out to be a right decision, given the fact that since then it has raised the reputation of the event in the motorsport world by attracting the best young drivers from Europe and Japan to compete in the event. The first F3 race was won by a young Ayrton Senna. The race in 1990 was a memorable one, as Michael Schumacher and Mika Häkkinen were involved in a controversial incident when they were in positions 1 and 2 going into the final lap. At the main straight just after the Mandarin Oriental Bend, Häkkinen hit the back of Schumacher's car and crashed out when he attempted to overtake Schumacher. Schumacher's car was able to continue with its rear wing damaged and eventually won the race with the best aggregate time. Other notable winners include Formula One drivers David Coulthard, Ralf Schumacher and Takuma Sato. Since the introduction of F3 races, the Macau GP has gradually become a stepping stone for many F3 drivers to higher class motor-racing competitions such as the GP2 series and Formula 1.
Macau is a special event for motorcycle riders too. The Motorcycle Grand Prix has featured many famous riders such as Kevin Schwantz, Carl Fogarty, Ron Haslam and Michael Rutter.
Teddy Yip was one of the main forces behind the Macau Grand Prix back in '70s and 80s, leading the Grand Prix to be one of the world's most famous motor racing events. The Macau Grand Prix parties he hosted for many years at his home also became a central part of the social aspect of the Grand Prix.
Today
The Macau Grand Prix race weekend normally starts on a Thursday and ends on a Sunday on the second or third week of November. The first two days (Thursday and Friday) are generally scheduled for practicing and qualifying. All races are held on Saturday and Sunday, with the final rounds of the heavyweights Macau Formula 3 Grand Prix and the Guia Race (scheduled to be the final 2 rounds of the FIA World Touring Car Championship since 2005) held on the last day. Both the Macau Formula 3 Grand Prix and the Guia Race are sanctioned by the FIA and the winner of the Macau Formula 3 Grand Prix is awarded the FIA Intercontinental Cup. Apart from the two major races held at the race weekend, the Macau Motorcycle Grand Prix is also one of the highlights of the weekend since it features former or current racers of the Superbike World Championship. Other races include the Formula BMW Pacific race, and for locals and Hong Kong drivers who want a slice of the action, Interport Race for novices, CTM Cup race the experienced.
Newly introduced into the 2008 race is the Road Sport Challenge for popular sport compact cars commonly associated with the tuner market, Macau GT Cup for GT3 cars.
Races that have been held in the past but have since been discountinued includes the ATCS race, Supercar Cup for road going exotic sports cars, the Formula V6 Asia race, the Porsche Carrera Cup Asia race, the scooter race for locals and in the past but on an less than frequent basis, a Jackie Chan endorsed race for celebrity drivers involving Mitsubishis, in which Chan hold a sponsorship deal with.
The Guia Circuit
Characteristics: A street circuit with a combination of fast straights and tight corners. It is recognised as one of the most challenging circuits in the world.
- Length: 3.8 miles (6.2 km)
- Minimum width: 22.8 feet (7 m)
- Formula 3 Lap Record: 2:11.744 (Marko Asmer, 2007/Dallara-Mercedes-HWA)
- Motorcycle Lap Record: 2:26.096 (John McGuinness, 2007/Honda CBR1000RR)
- Guia Race Lap Record: 2:29.253 (Steve Soper, 1997/BMW 320i)
- Porsche Carrera Cup Record: 2:27.343 (Darryl O'Young, 2007/Porsche 911 GT3 Cup)
Winners
| Year | GP Winner | Chassis - Engine | Rules | Guia TC Winner | Car | MC GP Winner | Bike |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 |  Eddie Carvalho
| Triumph TR2 | Sports car | ||||
| 1955 | Robert Ritchie
| Austin-Healey 100 | Sports car | ||||
| 1956 | Doug Steane
| Mercedes-Benz 190SL | Sports car | ||||
| 1957 |  Arthur Pateman
| Mercedes-Benz 300SL | Sports car | ||||
| 1958 |  Chan Lye Choun
| Aston Martin DB3S | Sports car | ||||
| 1959 | Ron Hardwick
| Jaguar XKSS | Sports car | ||||
| 1960 | Martin Redfern
| Jaguar XKSS | Sports car | ||||
| 1961 | Peter Heath
| Lotus 15-Climax | Formula Libre | ||||
| 1962 |  Arsenio Laurel
| Lotus 22-Ford | Formula Libre | ||||
| 1963 | Arsenio Laurel
| Lotus 22-Ford | Formula Libre | ||||
| 1964 | Albert Poon
| Lotus 23-Ford | Formula Libre | ||||
| 1965 | John MacDonald
| Lotus 18-Ford | Formula Libre | ||||
| 1966 |  Mauro Bianchi
| Alpine-Renault T66 | Formula Libre | ||||
| 1967 |  Tony Maw
| Lotus 20B-Ford | Formula Libre |  Hiroshi Hasegawa
| Yamaha | ||
| 1968 | Jan Bussell
| McLaren M4C | Formula Libre | Hiroshi Hasegawa
| Yamaha | ||
| 1969 |  Kevin Bartlett
| Mildren-Waggott | Formula Libre | John MacDonald
| Yamaha | ||
| 1970 |  Dieter Quester
| BMW F270 | Formula Libre |  Benny Hidajat
| Yamaha | ||
| 1971 | Jan Bussell
| McLaren M4C | Formula Libre | O. Motohashi
| Yamaha | ||
| 1972 | John MacDonald
| Brabham BT36 | Formula Libre | John MacDonald
| Mini Cooper | Ikujiro Takai
| Yamaha |
| 1973 | John MacDonald
| Brabham BT40 | Formula Libre | Peter Chow
| Toyota Celica | Ken Araoka
| Suzuki |
| 1974 | Vern Schuppan
| March 72B-Ford | Formula Pacific | Nobuhide Tachi
| Toyota Celica | Hiroyuki Kawasaki
| Yamaha |
| 1975 | John MacDonald
| Ralt RT1-Ford | Formula Pacific | Nobuhide Tachi
| Toyota Celica | Hideo Kanaya
| Yamaha |
| 1976 | Vern Schuppan
| Ralt RT1-Ford | Formula Pacific | Herb Adamczyk
| Porsche 911 Carrera RS | Chas Mortimer
| Yamaha |
| 1977 | Riccardo Patrese
| Chevron B40-Ford | Formula Pacific | Peter Chow
| Toyota Celica | Mick Grant
| Kawasaki |
| 1978 | Riccardo Patrese
| Chevron B42-Ford | Formula Pacific | Peter Chow
| Toyota Celica | Sadao Asami
| Yamaha |
| 1979 | Geoff Lees
| Ralt RT1-Ford | Formula Pacific | Herb Adamczyk
| Porsche 911 Carrera RSR | Sadao Asami
| Yamaha |
| 1980 | Geoff Lees
| Ralt RT1-Ford | Formula Pacific |  Hans-Joachim Stuck
| BMW 320i | Sadao Asami
| Yamaha TZ750 |
| 1981 |  Bob Earl
| Hayashi 200P-Toyota | Formula Pacific | Manfred Winkelhock
| BMW 320i | Ron Haslam
| Honda RS1123 |
| 1982 |  Roberto Moreno
| Ralt RT4-Ford | Formula Pacific | Helmut Greiner
| Porsche 911 Carrera RSR | Ron Haslam
| Honda RS1123 |
| Year | F3 GP Winner | F3 Chassis - Engine | Driver's F3 Championship | Guia TC Winner | Car | MC GP Winner | Bike |
| 1983 | Ayrton Senna
| Ralt RT3-Toyota | British F3
| Hans-Joachim Stuck
| BMW 635 CSI | Ron Haslam
| Honda NS500 |
| 1984 |  John Nielsen
| Ralt RT3-Volkswagen | German F3
| Tom Walkinshaw
| Jaguar XJS | Mick Grant
| Suzuki RGB500 |
| 1985 | Mauricio Gugelmin
| Ralt RT30-Volkswagen | British F3
| Gianfranco Brancatelli
| Volvo 240 Turbo | Ron Haslam
| Honda RS500 |
| 1986 | Andy Wallace
| Reynard 863-Volkswagen | British F3
|  Johnny Cecotto
| Volvo 240 Turbo | Ron Haslam
| Elf Honda 500 |
| 1987 | Martin Donnelly
| Ralt RT31-Toyota | British F3
| Roberto Ravaglia
| BMW M3 | Ron Haslam
| Roc Elf Honda 4 |
| 1988 | Enrico Bertaggia
| Dallara 388-Alfa Romeo | Italian F3
| Altfrid Heger
| BMW M3 | Kevin Schwantz
| Suzuki RGV500 |
| 1989 | David Brabham
| Ralt RT33-Volkswagen/Spiess | British F3
| Tim Harvey
| Ford Sierra RS500 | Robert Dunlop
| Honda RC30 |
| 1990 | Michael Schumacher
| Reynard 903-Volkswagen/Spiess | German F3
| Masahiro Hasemi
| Nissan Skyline GT-R | Steve Hislop
| Honda RC30 |
| 1991 | David Coulthard
| Ralt RT35-Honda/Mugen | British F3
| Emanuele Pirro
| BMW M3 Evolution | .png){kind=small} Didier de Radiguès
| Suzuki RGV500 |
| 1992 |  Rickard Rydell
| TOM'S 032F-Toyota | Japanese F3
| Emanuele Pirro
| BMW M3 Evolution | Carl Fogarty
| HarrisYamaha 500 |
| 1993 | Jörg Müller
| Dallara 393-Fiat/Novamotor | German F3
| Charles Kwan
| BMW M3 Evolution | Steve Hislop
| ROC Yamaha 500 |
| 1994 | Sascha Maassen
| Dallara F394-Opel/Spiess | German F3
| Joachim Winkelhock
| BMW 318is | Steve Hislop
| Harris Yamaha 500 |
| 1995 | Ralf Schumacher
| Dallara F394-Opel/Spiess | German F3
| Kelvin Burt
| Toyota Corona EXIV | Mike Edwards
| ROC Yamaha 500 |
| 1996 |  Ralph Firman
| Dallara F396-Honda/Mugen-NBE | British F3
| Frank Biela
| Audi A4 Quattro | Phillip McCallen
| Yamaha 500 |
| 1997 |  Soheil Ayari
| Dallara F396-Opel/Spiess | None | Steve Soper
| BMW 320i |  Andreas Hofmann
| Kawasaki ZXR-7 |
| 1998 | Peter Dumbreck
| Dallara F398-Toyota/TOM'S | Japanese F3
| Joachim Winkelhock
| BMW 320i | Michael Rutter
| Honda RVF750 RC45 |
| 1999 | Darren Manning
| Dallara F399-Toyota/TOM'S | Japanese F3
| Michael Bartels
| Audi A4 Quattro | David Jefferies
| Yamaha YZF-R1 |
| 2000 |  André Couto
| Dallara F399-Opel/Spiess | None |  Patrick Huisman
| BMW 320i | Michael Rutter
| Yamaha YZF-R1 |
| 2001 | Takuma Sato
| Dallara F301-Honda/Mugen-NBE | British F3
| Duncan Huisman
| BMW 320i | John McGuinness
| Honda CBR954RR |
| 2002 | Tristan Gommendy
| Dallara F302-Renault/Sodemo | French F3
| Duncan Huisman
| BMW 320i | Michael Rutter
| Ducati 998 |
| 2003 | Nicolas Lapierre
| Dallara F302-Renault/Sodemo |  F3 Euroseries
| Duncan Huisman
| BMW 320i | Michael Rutter
| Ducati 998 |
| 2004 | Alexandre Prémat
| Dallara F304-Mercedes/HWA | F3 Euroseries
| Jörg Müller
| BMW 320i | Michael Rutter
| Honda CBR1000RR |
| 2005 | Lucas Di Grassi
| Dallara F304-Mercedes/HWA | F3 Euroseries
| Augusto Farfus Jr.
| Alfa Romeo 156 | Michael Rutter
| Honda CBR1000RR |
| Duncan Huisman
| BMW 320i | ||||||
| 2006 | Mike Conway
| Dallara F306-Mercedes/HWA | British F3
| Andy Priaulx
| BMW 320si | Steve Plater
| Yamaha YZF-R1 |
| Jörg Müller
| BMW 320si | ||||||
| 2007 | Oliver Jarvis
| Dallara F307-Toyota/TOM'S | Japanese F3
| Alain Menu
| Chevrolet Lacetti | Steve Plater
| Yamaha YZF-R1 |
| Andy Priaulx
| BMW 320si | ||||||
| 2008 | Keisuke Kunimoto
| Dallara F308-Toyota/TOM'S | Japanese F3
| Alain Menu
| Chevrolet Lacetti | Stuart Easton
| Honda CBR1000RR |
| Robert Huff
| Chevrolet Lacetti |
Notable participants
Multiple winners
- John MacDonald Only person who won all international races of Macau; Macau Grand Prix (1965, 1972, 1973 and 1975), Macau Motorcycle Grand Prix (1969) and Guia Race (1972).
- Jörg Müller 1993 Macau F3 winner; 2004 & 2006 Guia Race winner
Other famous GP participants
- 1970s
- Alan Jones 1976 4th, 1977, 1978 Pole Position
- 1980s
- Masahiro Hasemi 1982 Formula Atlantic runner-up & 1990 Guia Race winner
- Gerhard Berger 1983 Third; 1985 Guia Runner-up
- Jean-Louis Schlesser 1983
- Martin Brundle 1983
- Ivan Capelli 1984 5th
- René Arnoux 1985 6th
- Pierluigi Martini 1986
- Bernd Schneider 1986; 1987 3rd
- Jean Alesi 1986; 1987; 1988
- Damon Hill 1987; 1988 Runner-up
- Johnny Herbert 1987
- Karl Wendlinger 1988; 1989
- JJ Lehto 1988
- Alex Zanardi 1988; 1989
- Allan McNish 1989
- 1990s
- Mika Häkkinen 1989;1990 Winner of 1st leg; Fastest lap
- Mika Salo 1990 Runner-up
- Eddie Irvine 1990 3rd
- Keiichi Tsuchiya 1990
- Rubens Barrichello 1991 5th
- Jacques Villeneuve 1992 Third
- Giancarlo Fisichella 1994
- Jarno Trulli 1995 Runner up; 1996 3rd
- Pedro de la Rosa 1995
- Alexander Wurz 1995
- Nick Heidfeld 1996
- Juan Pablo Montoya 1996
- Mark Webber 1997 4th*
- Jenson Button 1999 Runner-up
- Sébastien Bourdais 1999
- 2000s
- Heikki Kovalainen 2002 2nd
- Nelson Angelo Piquet 2003, 2004
- Robert Kubica 2004 second, 2005 second
- Lewis Hamilton 2004 Winner of first race
- Nico Rosberg 2004 Second in first race
- Sebastian Vettel 2005 3rd
- Adrian Sutil 2006 3rd
- Kazuki Nakajima 2006
Trivia
- Arsenio Laurel, the first two-time consecutive GP champion, was also the first casualty of the Macau GP when his car lost control and crashed on the wall. A bust of his likeness is on display at the Macau GP Museum.
- The Guia Circuit is featured in PC games 'RACE - The Official WTCC Game' and 'RACE 07 - The Official WTCC Game' from SimBin Studios.
- Albert and Diana Poon both started in the 1976 Macau Grand Prix. The only couple race the same race in the Macau Grand Prix history.<ref>Colour and Noise, 40 years of the Macau Grand Prix. by Philip Newsome. 1993. ISBN 9627460052</ref>
- 19 out of 22 Formula One drivers in 2007 had previously participated in the Macau F3 GP.
- The Guia Circuit was the setting for the motorcycle race in the 1989 Hong Kong movie All About Ah Long.
- Gerhard Berger considered the 1983 Macau Grand Prix the race of his life
- Due to its narrow nature and subsequent accidents in the Lisboa Corner, Emmanuel Pirro tried some laps in the opposite direction in 1989
- The F3 race once attracted active F1 drivers; Rene Arnoux competed in 1985, Ivan Capelli and Pierluigi Martini in 1986 and Julian Bailey in 1989
- In 1993, notorious Triad leader and competitor, Andely Chan, nicknamed "Tiger of Wan Chai" and was the leader of Sun Yee On gang, was shot dead with one of his mechanic in a gang hit at the parking lot of his hotel in the late night, several hours after he was disqualified of his second place of a race for local drivers, after illegal modification was discovered in his car.
See also
- Guia Circuit
- World Touring Car Championship
